1-2-dibromo-3-chloropropane.pdfVIP专享VIP免费原创优质

1,2-Dibromo-3-Chloropropane(DBCP)96-12-8HazardSummary1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane(DBCP)wasusedinthepastasasoilfumigantandnematocideoncrops;itisnolongerusedexceptasanintermediateinchemicalsynthesis.Acute(short-term)exposuretoDBCPinhumansresultsinmoderatedepressionofthecentralnervoussystem(CNS)andpulmonarycongestionfrominhalation,andgastrointestinaldistressandpulmonaryedemafromoralexposure.Chronic(long-term)exposuretoDBCPinhumanscausesmalereproductiveeffects,suchasdecreasedspermcounts.TesticulareffectsanddecreasedspermcountswereobservedinanimalschronicallyexposedtoDBCPbyinhalation.AvailablehumandataonDBCPandcancerareinadequate.Highincidencesoftumorsofthenasaltract,tongue,adrenalcortex,andlungsofrodentswerereportedinaNationalToxicologyProgram(NTP)inhalationstudy.EPAhasclassifiedDBCPasaGroupB2,probablehumancarcinogen.PleaseNote:ThemainsourcesofinformationforthisfactsheetareEPA'sIntegratedRiskInformationSystem(IRIS)(4),whichcontainsinformationoninhalationchronictoxicityofDBCP,andtheReferenceConcentration(RfC)andtheAgencyforToxicSubstancesandDiseaseRegistry's(ATSDR's)ToxicologicalProfilefor1,2-Dibromo-3-Chloropropane.(2)UsesUntil1977,DBCPwasusedasasoilfumigantandnematocideonover40differentcropsintheUnitedStates.From1977to1979,EPAsuspendedregistrationforallDBCP-containingproductsexceptforuseonpineapplesinHawaii.In1985,EPAissuedanintenttocancelallregistrationsforDBCP,includinguseonpineapples.Subsequently,theuseofexistingstocksofDBCPwasprohibited.(2)DBCPisusedasanintermediateinthesynthesisoforganicchemicals.(1,2)SourcesandPotentialExposureHumanexposuretoDBCPcouldresultfromthetheingestionofcontaminateddrinkingwaterandfood.(2)Inthepast,releaseofDBCPtotheenvironmentoccurredprimarilyfromitsfumigantandnematocideuses;becauseofthecancellationofallDBCPuses,environmentalexposureisexpectedtodeclinewithtime.(1,2)AssessingPersonalExposureDBCPcanbemeasuredinexhaledair,blood,andbiologicaltissues.Samplesmustbecollectedshortlyafterexposure,becauseDBCPisrapidlyeliminatedfromthebody.(2)HealthHazardInformationAcuteEffects:AcuteexposuretoDBCPproducesmoderatedepressionoftheCNSandpulmonarycongestionafterexposurebyinhalation,andgastrointestinaldistressandpulmonaryedemaafteroralexposureinhumans.(1,2)InratsacutelyexposedtoDBCPbyinhalation,pulmonaryandocularirritation,andkidney,liver,spleen,InratsacutelyexposedtoDBCPbyinhalation,pulmonaryandocularirritation,andkidney,liver,spleen,andCNSeffectshavebeenobserved.(2)DermalexposuretoDBCPmayirritatetheskinandeyesinhumansandanimals.(2,3,4)Testsinvolvingacuteexposureofrats,mice,rabbits,andguineapigshavedemonstratedDBCPtohavehighacutetoxicityfrominhalation,oral,anddermalexposure.(5)ChronicEffects(Noncancer):NoinformationisavailableonthechroniceffectsofDBCPinhumans.(2)ChronicexposuretoDBCPbyinhalationhasbeenreportedtoaffectthenasalcavity,spleen,adrenalgland,kidneys,stomach,andliverinratsandmice.(4)TheReferenceConcentration(RfC)forDBCPis0.0002milligramspercubicmeter(mg/m3)basedontesticulareffectsinrabbits.TheRfCisanestimate(withuncertaintyspanningperhapsanorderofmagnitude)ofacontinuousinhalationexposuretothehumanpopulation(includingsensitivesubgroups),thatislikelytobewithoutappreciableriskofdeleteriousnoncancereffectsduringalifetime.Itisnotadirectesimatorofriskbutratherareferencepointtogaugethepotentialeffects.AtexposuresincreasinglygreaterthantheRfC,thepotentialfor...