0HazardandOperability(HAZOP)&HazardAnalysisTraining1HAZOPFundamental2Ascenario…•Youandyourfamilyareonaroadtripbyusingacarinthemiddleofthenight.Youwerereplyingatextmessagewhiledrivingat100km/handitwasrainingheavily.Thecarhitsadeepholeandoneofyourtireblows.Youhitthebrake,butduetoslipperyroadandyourcartirethreadwasthin,thecarskiddedandwasthrownofftheroad.3PointstoponderWhatisthecauseoftheaccident?Whatistheconsequenceoftheevent?Whatcanwedotopreventallthosethingstohappeninthefirstplace?(5minutesforbrainstormingideas)4Whatotherpossibleaccidentsmighthappenontheroadtrip?Canwebepreparedbeforetheaccidentoccurs?5Canwemakeitmoresystematic?-Stopcar-Gotonearestgarage-UseemergencysignalDimNolightCarlight-Putasignboard-StreetlightsBreaksthecartireWithholesRockyRoadNightFoggyLowVerylowNothreadLessthreadToofastTooslowGuidewordCannotseetheroadRainWindowvisibility-ABSbrakesystem-Safetybelt-Airbag-Slowdown-SpeedupSkiddedwhenemergencybrakeRushingCarspeed-Checkfrequently-HavesparetireCarskiddedTiretooold,oftenspeedingandemergencybreakTire-TravelduringdaylightNostreetlightTraveltimeSafeguardActionConsequencesPossibleCausesParameter6•SystematictechniquetoIDENTIFYpotentialHAZardandOPeratingproblems•Aformalsystematicrigorousexaminationtotheprocessandengineeringfacetsofaproductionfacility•Aqualitativetechniquebasedon“guide-words”tohelpprovokethoughtsaboutthewaydeviationsfromtheintendedoperatingconditionscanleadtohazardoussituationsoroperabilityproblems•HAZOPisbasicallyforsafety-Hazardsarethemainconcern-Operabilityproblemsdegradeplantperformance(productquality,productionrate,profit)•Considerableengineeringinsightisrequired-engineersworkingindependentlycoulddevelopdifferentresultsWhatisHAZOP?7OriginofHAZOP•InitiallypreparedbyDrHGLawleyandassociatesofICIatWiltonin1960’s.•SubsequentlyCJBullockandAJDJenningfromChEDept.TeesidePolytechnicundersupervisionofT.A.Kletzappliedthemethodathigherinstitution(post-graduatelevel).•In1977,ChemicalIndustriesAssociationpublishedtheeditedversion.8LaterDevelopment-HAZOP•ICIexpandedtheprocedurecalledHAZARDSTUDYsteps1to6.•TheICIsixsteps:Projectexploration/preliminaryprojectassessment–toidentifyinherenthazardsofprocesschemicals,sitesuitabilityandprobableenvironmentalimpact.Projectdefinition–toidentifyandreducesignificanthazardsassociatedwithitemsandareas,checkconformitywithrelevantstandardsandcodesofpractices.USECHECKLISTS9Designandprocurement–toexaminethePIDindetailforidentificationofdeviationsfromdesignintentcapableofcausingoperabilityproblemsorhazards.Duringfinalstagesofconstruction–tocheckthatallrecommendedandacceptedactionsrecordedinstepsi,iiandiiiimplemented.Duringplantcommissioning–tocheckthatallrelevantstatutoryrequirementshavebeenacknowledgesandallinstalledsafetysystemsarereliablyoperable.LaterDevelopment-HAZOP10Duringnormaloperation,sometimeafterstart-up–especiallyifanymodificationbeenmade.TocheckifchangesinoperationhasnotinvalidatedtheHAZOPreportofstepiiibyintroducingnewhazards.Thisproceduresareadoptedfullyorpartlybymanycompaniesaroundtheworld.LaterDevelopment-HAZOP11ObjectiveofHAZOP•Foridentifyingcauseandtheconsequencesofperceivedmaloperationsofequipmentandassociatedoperatorinterfacesinthecontextofthecompletesystem.•Itaccommodatesthestatusofrecognizeddesignstandardsandcodesofpracticebutrightlyquestionstherelevanceoftheseinspec...
![Hazard and Operability (HAZOP) & Hazard Analysis Training[1].pdf_第1页](https://s3.detochat.com/17ehs/convert/202501/31/695/P1-9b556f26-1941-41f9-a5e0-99996758f877.webp)
![Hazard and Operability (HAZOP) & Hazard Analysis Training[1].pdf_第2页](https://s3.detochat.com/17ehs/convert/202501/31/695/P2-3ddcb7cb-9b0a-4ce4-9696-d8e312593ed7.webp)
![Hazard and Operability (HAZOP) & Hazard Analysis Training[1].pdf_第3页](https://s3.detochat.com/17ehs/convert/202501/31/695/P3-09f8cb44-2388-43cb-8296-b8ee2731bebe.webp)
优质VIP
