THEANALYSISOFFATALACCIDENTSININDIANCOALMINESA.MandalD.Sengupta1IndianStatisticalInstitute,203B.T.Road,Calcutta-700035.AbstractThispaperdescribestheanalysisoffatalaccidentsofIndiancoalminesfromApril1989toMarch1998.ItisfoundthatIndianmineshaveconsiderablyhigheraccidentandfatalityratescomparedtothoseinUSAandSouthAfrica,respectively.Whileopencastminesaregenerallyknowntobesaferthanundergroundmines,theIndianopencastminesareshowntobeatleastashazardoustotheworkersastheIndianundergroundmines.Analysisoftheaccidentratesismadeviaafewregressionmodelsinvolvingtheeffectsofworkingshifts,thevariouscompanies,thetypesofmine,manshiftandproduction.Theaccident-pronecombinationsofminetypeandcompanyareidentifiedforfollow-upaction.Thebreak-upoftheaccidentsbycauseisalsostudied.Keywords:Linearmodels,GeneralisedLinearModels,AnalysisofVariance,PoissonPro-cess,Accidentrate,Fatalityrate.AMSSubjectClassificationNumber:Primary6207,Secondary62P99,62N05.1Addressforcorrespondence:AppliedStatisticsUnit,IndianStatisticalInstitute,203B.T.Road,Cal-cutta,WestBengal,India.PIN700035.email:11IntroductionCoalisanimportantmineralinIndia.Besidesbeingthemainsourceoffuelinpowerplants,itisalsousedinhouseholdcookingthroughoutthecountry.Thecoalindustryemploysover600,000minersandotherworkers.SafetyintheIndiancoalminesisthereforeaveryimportantissue.However,therehasbeennosignificantstatisticalanalysisofthesafetyrecordsofIndiancoalmines.ThefatalaccidentratesinIndiaandUSduringtheperiod1989-97areshowninTable1.ThedatafortheUSminesaretakenfromtheWorkTimeQuarterlyReportsofMineSafetyandHealthAdministration,theUSDepartmentofLabour(http://www.msha.gov/STATS/PART50/WQ/1978/wq78c105.htm),whilethedatafortheIndianminesaretakenfromtheFatalAccidentRegisterandAnnualPerformanceReportofCoalIndiaLimited(CIL).Table1.FatalaccidentratesinUSandIndia,1989-972AccidentsperAccidentspermilliontonsofmillionmanhoursproductionperyearperyearYearIndiaUSAIndiaUSA19890.7220.0770.1120.0519900.6380.0710.1050.0419910.5870.0680.1030.0419920.6440.0600.1180.0419930.5410.0550.1030.0419940.4840.0490.0990.0419950.4680.0500.1030.0419960.3830.0400.0890.0419970.3800.0300.0910.03Acursoryglanceattheabovetablerevealsthattheyearlyaccidentrates(standardizedbyproduction)inIndiaisconsistentlyhigherthanthecorrespondingrateintheUSAbyafactorofaboutten.Differencesinthelevelsofproductivityisnottheonlyexplanationforthisdiscrepancy,sincetheyearlyaccidentrates(standardizedbymanhours)isalsoconsistentlyhigherinIndiathaninUSAbyafactoroftwotothree.Thus,thereseemstobeawidescopeforimprovementinthesafetypracticesinIndia.ThispaperpresentsananalysisofthefatalcoalmineaccidentsinIndia,andattemptstoidentifyafewproblemareasforsafety.Allmattersrelatingtothemining,processingandmarketingofcoalinIndiaisoverseenbyCIL,whichisanumbrellaorganisation.Thereareeightsubsidiariesorregionalcompa-niesworkingunderCIL.TheseareEasternCoalfieldsLimited(ECL),BharatCokingCoalLimited(BCCL),CentralCoalfieldsLimited(CCL),NorthernCoalfieldsLimited(NCL),WesternCoalfieldsLimited(WCL),South-EasternCoalfieldsLimited(SECL),MahanadiCoalfieldsLimited(MCL)andNorth-EasternCollieries(NEC).Thecompanieshavediffer-entnumberofactivemines,amountofproductionandthenumberofmanshiftsinagivenyear.Thecompaniesalsohavelargelyexclusivemanagements,althoughsomeamountof2TheU.S.productiondata,originallygiveninshorttons,havebe...
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