BASICELECTRICALSAFETYINTRODUCTIONPURPOSE:Toprovideemployeeswithsafeworkpractices&procedurestopreventanelectricalaccidentorinjury.SCOPE:ElectricalSafetyworkpracticesarenecessaryforemployeeswhoworkonornearexposedenergizedpartsorforthosewhomustunderstandsafepracticesonthejob.INTRODUCTIONCONTINUEDElectricityisintegratedinourlivesatworkandathome.BUTNEVERTAKEIT’SPOWERLIGHTLY!-1989statisticsshowed324(9%)ofworkplacedeathswereelectrocutions.OSHAdevotesanentiresectionofregulationstothisarea.Focusisontrainingfor:-Thosewhoworkdirectlywithelectricity.-Thosewhoneed“basic”instruction.RESPONSIBILITIESMANAGEMENT-Understandhowelectricityacts&howitshouldbehandled.-Identifyhazardsassociatedwithuseofelectricity.-Identifycausesofelectricalaccidents.-Provideprotectiontopreventelectricalhazards.-Safetyproceduredevelopment&maintenance.-Select&provideappropriatePersonalProtectiveEquipment.-Provideemployeetraining.-Recordkeping.-Annualreview&updateofprogram.RESPONSIBILITIESCONTINUEDEMPLOYEES-Understandthehazardsassociatedwithuseofelectricity.-Understandtheproceduresforelectricalsafety.-UseprovidedPersonalProtectiveEquipmentasrequired.-Notifyimmediatesupervisorofanyidentifiedhazardswhenusingorinspectingelectricalequipmentorprocedures.HOWELECTRICITYWORKS-Twokindsofelectricity:1)Static(stationary)2)Dynamic(moving)-“Dynamic”isthekindcommonlyused:Flowofelectronsthroughaconductor.Anelectronisatinyparticleofmatterthatorbitsnucleusofanatom.Somemoveeasilyoutoftheirorbits.Thisabilityisthebasisofcurrentelectricity.-A“completecircuit”isneededtocontrolelectricityflow.Thisisasource,conductorandconsumingdevice(load).OHM’SLAW-Volts=CurrentXResistence(orV=IR)-Voltistheunitofmeasurefor“electromotiveforce”ontheelectronsflowingthroughconductors.-Currentisthecontinuousmovementofelectronspastagivenpoint(PointAtoPointB).-Resistenceistheoppositionthatelectronsmeettravelingalongaconductor.ThisismeasuredinOhms.Differentmaterialsprovidevariedresistence.HAZARDSOFELECTRICITYTheprimaryhazardsofelectricityandit’suseare:-Shock-Burns-ArcBlast-Explosions-FiresELECTRICALHAZARDSCONTINUEDSHOCK-Receivedwhenpartofyourbodybecomespartoftheelectricalcircuit.-Highvoltageshockcancauseseriousinjuryordeath.-Youwillgetashockifyoutouch:1)Bothwiresofanenergizedcircuit2)Onewireofanenergizedcircuitandground3)Partofmachinethatis“hot”becauseitiscontactinganenergizedwireandtheground.-Cancausetingling,cardiacarrestanddestructionofbodyparts.ELECTRICALHAZARDSCONTINUEDBURNS-Resultswhenapersontoucheselectricalequipmentorwiringthatisimproperlyusedormaintained.-Mostofteninvolvesinjuriestothehands.ARC-BLAST-Occurswhenhighamperagecurrentsjumpfromoneconductortoanotherthroughair.-Happenswhenopeningorclosingofcircuitsandwhenstaticelectricityisdischarged.-Firecanoccurifhappensinatmospherewithexplosivemixture.ELECTRICALHAZARDSCONTINUEDEXPLOSIONS-Occurswhenelectricityprovidesignitionsourceforanexplosivemixtureinatmosphere.-Causesrangefromoverheatedconductorsorequipmenttonormalarcingatswitchcontacts.FIRES-Electricityisthemostcommoncause.-Defectiveand/ormisusedequipmentisthemajorcause.-Improperlysplicedorconnectedwiringcreates“highresistance”connectionscreatingheatthatstartsfire.CAUSESOFELECTRICALACCIDENTSAccidentsandinjurieswithelectricityarecausedbyoneoracombinationofthefollowing:-Unsafeequipmentand/orinstallation.-Unsafeworkplacescausedbyenviroment...
优质VIP
