Electric_Charge_and_Static_Electricity_PPT.pptxVIP专享VIP免费原创优质

Bellringer:PickupAPre-TestandpowerpointnotesfromtheBasket•Todayyouneed:Highlighter&NotesFolder•Gogetyoursciencenotebookfromthebasket.•Answerthequestionsonthepre-testtothebestofyourability.ElectricChargeandStaticElectricityElectricCharge•Apropertythatleadstotheelectromagnetic(repellingorattracting)interactionsbetweenparticlesofmatter.•Allmatterismadeupofatomsandatomshaveanaturalneutralcharge.•Atomscontain1.Protons(+)2.Neutrons(0)3.Electrons(-)ElectricForce•Theforcebetweentwoelectricallychargedobjectsisanelectricforce.•Likegravity,thisisanon-contactforcethatworksoveradistance.•Itisaforcebecauseitcausesobjectstomovebypullingthemtogether(attracting)orpushingthemapart(repelling).Thesizeoftheelectricforcedependson2things:1.Theamountofcharge(thegreaterthecharge,thegreatertheforce)2.Thedistancebetweencharges(thefurtherthedistance,thelesstheforce)LawofElectricCharges•Thelawofelectricchargesstatesthatlikechargesrepel,andoppositechargesattract.•Protonsarepositivelychargedandelectronsarenegativelycharged,sotheyareattractedtoeachother.•Withoutthisattraction,electronswouldnotbeheldinatoms.ElectricField•Anelectricfieldistheregionaroundachargedobjectwhereelectricforcescanbeexertedonanotherchargedobject.(Repelledorattracted)ChargedObjectsHowdoobjectsgetcharged?•Theyeithergainorloseelectrons.Ex.3protons(+)&5electrons(-)=7protons(+)&2electrons(-)=•Thereare3waysobjectscanbecharged:1.Friction2.Conduction3.Induction**Allarecausedbyelectronsmoving!Friction•Chargingbyfrictionoccurswhenelectronsare“wiped”fromoneobjectontoanother.Ex.Ifyouuseaclothtorubaplasticruler,electronsmovefromtheclothtotheruler.Therulergainselectronsandtheclothloseselectrons.Conduction•Chargingbyconductionhappenswhenelectronsmovefromoneobjecttoanotherthroughdirectcontact(touching).Ex.Supposeyoutouchanunchargedpieceofmetalwithapositivelychargedglassrod.Electronsfromthemetalwillmovetotheglassrod.Themetalloseselectronsandbecomespositivelycharged.Induction•Chargingbyinductionhappenswhenchargesinanunchargedobjectarerearrangedwithoutdirectcontact(notouching)withachargedobject.Ex.:Ifyouchargeupaballoonthroughfrictionandplacetheballoonnearpiecesofpaper,thechargesofthepaperwillberearrangedandthepaperwillbeattractedtotheballoon.ConservationofCharge•Whenyouchargesomethingbyanymethod,nochargesarecreatedordestroyed.•Thenumbersofelectronsandprotonsstaythesame.Electronssimplymovefromoneatomtoanother,whichmakesareasthathavedifferentcharges.StaticElectricity•Staticelectricityistheelectricchargeatrestonanobject.•Whensomethingisstatic,itisnotmoving.•Thechargesofstaticelectricitydonotmoveawayfromtheobjectthattheyarein.So,theobjectkeepsitscharge.•Ex.ClothestakenoutofadryerVoltageandCurrent•Whenawireconnectstheterminalsofabatteryorgenerators,thenthevoltagewillpushandpullelectronsthroughaconductor.•Oneterminalhasextraelectronsthusanegativecharge.Theotherterminalhasadeficitofelectronsandthusapositivecharge.•ElectronsinthewirearepushedbythenegativeterminalandpulledbythepositiveterminalthroughthewireCircuit:aclosed,conductingpath•Forchangestoflow,thewiremustalwaysbeconnectedinacircuit•ElectricCurrent:theflowofchargesthroughawireoranyconductor.MeasuredinAmperes(A=Amps)ElectricityandVoltage-Electricityistheflowofelectrons(-)-Charges(-)flowfromHIGHvoltageareastoLOWvoltageareas•Voltageistheamountofworkrequiredtomoveeachunitofchargethroughthecircuit.Itmeasurestheamountofpressurethatpushesandpullschargesthroughthecircuitandismeasuredinvolts(V).Resistance•Resistance:thetendencyforamaterialtoopposetheflowofelectrons•Changeselectricalenergyintothermalenergyandlight•Ex:lightbulbfilament•ResistanceismeasuredinOhms(Ω)WhatAffectsResistance?Exploratory:BRINGALIBRARYBOOK•Walker•AniyahAllen•BradleyMorrison•BryleighHigginbotham•ClayBuchanan•DaltonChriss•EmilyMcDavid•LeilaniCoble•TymeishaKelley•ZadenLewter•ZykiaHoward•LaterricaJones•BrittanyHall•CarterBankston•ChasePosey•JacobConnelly•ToreyMedley•Satterfield•ChesneyJeans•MaddiePosey•ColeSimms•BrandyDennis•BrionnaHill•KadeMcCoy•CheyenneLoffler•HeathMoffett•HunterSells•IanHockett•LandinBurciaga•RavenHartsfield•RyanBlankstrom•Ta’LayaLanders•ZachHernandez•CarlaDealTodayyouneed:HeadphonesNotesFolderLog-IntoChromebookwhenyourquestionsarefinished!TurninHWpg.59TODAYYOUNEED:NotesFolder•Onceyoufinishyourquestionslog-intoyourchromebook.•GotoKahoot.it•Enterthisgamepin:•EnteryourFIRSTNAMEONLY!Anythingelsewillbedeleted.•Todayyouneedyourheadphones.•Onceyoufinishyourquestionslog-intoyourchromebook.•GotoKahoot.it•Enterthisgamepin:•EnteryourFIRSTNAMEONLY!Anythingelsewillbedeleted.