Safe-Secure-Transport-of-Chemicals.pdfVIP专享VIP免费原创优质

ChemicalTransportationChemicalTransportationSafety&SecuritySANDNo.2011-0547CSandiaisamulti-programlaboratoryoperatedbySandiaCorporation,aLockheedMartinCompany,fortheUnitedStatesDepartmentofEnergy’sNationalNuclearSecurityAdministrationundercontractDE-AC04-94AL85000.Introduction•Chemicaltransportation–Safetyrisks–Securityrisks•Chemicaltransportationriskmanagement•ResourcesChemicalTransportation•Chemicaltransportation:In-plant,local,in-country,orinternationaltransport•Chemicaltransportationisanessentialelementinthechemicalsupplychain•Globalizationhasresultedin:–Increasedvolume–Increasedspeed–StrainontransportationinfrastructureChemicalTransportationSafetyRisks•Transportinghazardouschemicalsandhazardouswaste–Riskstopeople,facilities,communities,andtheenvironmentTthil•Transportvehiclemaycarrybothpeopleandproduct•Transportcompaniesmayoutsourceandconsolidatehazardousmaterials–Packageincompatiblematerials–Insecurepackaging&improperlabelingCurrentComplexityinChemicalTransportationIncreasesRisk•Thousandsofregulatedhazardousmaterials•Differencesinregulationsbycountry•Useofdifferenthazardclasses•Differentmodesoftransportation–Road,rail,air,marine,pipeline•MultiplepackagingtypesRecentChemicalTransportationSafetyAccidentsintheU.S.•Road:June30,2010-twomenseverelyburnedwhenfueltankerexplodesoninterstatehighway.•Pipeline:November2007-30centimeterliquidpropanepipelineruptured.1.7millionlitersreleased.Twodeaths,fourhousesdestroyed.•Air:February2006-cargoonaDC-8destroyedinfirecausedbylithiumbatteriesonboard.•Rail:October2006-23railtankcarsderailreleasingdenaturedethanol.Fireresultedinevacuationofanentiretownfor2days.Soilandwatercontamination.•Rail:August2002-railcarunloadinghosefailedand~20,000poundsofchlorinegasreleased.Townevacuated,nodeathsorinjuries.In2005,asimilaraccidentcaused9deaths.U.S.NationalTransportationSafetyBoard.http://www.ntsb.gov/ChemicalTransportationSecurityRisks•In-plantthreat–Sabotageshipments–IntentionalreleaseTheft•In-transitthreats–Hijacking–Theftofmaterials–Sabotage•Attacksonpipelineshttp://www.phmsa.dot.gov/hazmat/securityPhotocredit:NTSBPipelineNewMexico,USACenterforChemicalProcessSafety(CCPS)RiskManagementPublication•Coverstransportationsafety,securityandriskmanagement•Providestoolsandmethodstoassisttransportationprofessionalsandotherstakeholders•Presentsacomprehensiveframeworkformanagingtransportationrisks•Introducespracticaltechniquesforscreening,identifying,andmanaginghigher-levelrisks•EmphasizestheneedtobalancesafetywithsecurityCCPS(2008).GuidelinesforChemicalTransportationSafety,Security,andRiskManagement.CCPSTransportationRiskManagement(TRM)•TheCCPSTRMprocessincludesthefollowingelements:–PrimaryManagementSystemSystem–Identificationandprioritizationofhazards–RiskAnalysis–RiskReduction–ProgramSustainabilityTransportationRiskManagement•Duetothecomplexityofmanysupplychains,transportationriskmanagementisasharedresponsibility•RolesandresponsibilitiesmayManufacturingRawMaterialsChemicalManufacturingRawMaterialsChemicaldifferforeachstakeholder•IndividualactivitiesandactionscanimpacttherisktotheoverallchemicalsupplychainRecycleDistributionCustomerConsumerChemicalSupplyChainActivitiesRecycleDistributionCustomerConsumerChemicalSupplyChainActivitiesTransportationRiskManagementPrimaryManagementSystem•PrimaryManagement...